Body hoisting mechanism



1939- E. R. BARRETT BODY HOISTING MECHANISM Filed Aug. 24, 1936 4 Sheets-Sheet l 1N VENTOR. Edit did R fiarreif ATTORNEYS.

Jan. 3, 1939. E, R BARRETT 2,142,089

BODY HOIST ING MECHANISM Filed Aug. 24, 1936 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. Edward 72 234/7222? A FTORNFYS, 4

Jan. 3, 1939. E. R. BARRETT 2,142,089

BODY HOISTING MECHANISM Filed Aug. 24, 1936 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 IS INVENTOR. E Edward 72 ,Bdrreff.

ATTORNEY6,

Jan. 3, 1939. E. BARRETT BODY HOISTING MECHANISM Filed Aug. 24, 1936 '4 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR Edward 723427225. BY 5 g' jrrozzvsrs,

Patented Jan. 3, 1939 UNITED STATES BODY HOISTING MECHANISM Edward R. Barrett, Detroit, M.ich.,assignor to Gar Wood Industries, Inc., a corporation of Michigan Application August 24, 1936, Serial No. 97,491

5 Claims. (Cl. 298-22) My invention relates to method and means for tilting a dumpbody and particularly to a hydraulic hoist and the method and structure for connecting one end of the hoist to the body in a manner to eliminate the twisting of the body during the tilting movement.

In the patent to L. S. Wood No. 2,034,544, issued March 17, 1936, and assigned to the assignee of the present invention, a support for spaced hydraulically actuated lifting devices is illustrated, described and claimed, certain features of which are embodied in the present invention and disclosure. An outboard support is formed by a pair of plates of triangular shape, two comers of the plate being secured to projections on the chassis frame of the vehicle, while a third corner provides pivotal support for one end of the hydraulic device. The outboard'support for the hydraulic device provides a greater degree of stability to the dump body during and after the raising operation.

In practicing my present invention, I extend the inventive concept of the above mentioned patent by providing greater stability between the dump body and the hydraulic device by substantially eliminating the twist which occurs to the frame of the body when one side is loaded a greater amount than the other. When fluid is delivered to the hydraulic devices through a central conduit and when the load in the body is evenly distributed, the volume of fluid entering each of the devices will be equal and there will be no tendency of the body to. tilt laterally. When a greater load is disposed on one side of the body than on the other, the pressures will attempt to equalize in the cylinders, causing a greater volume of fluid to enter one of the hydraulic devices than the other, resulting in the twisting of the frame and body.

To overcome the lateral tilting of the dump body, I have provided a support for interconnecting one end of the hydraulic devices and the frame of the tilting portion, which materially braces the frame and prevents the twisting of the frame and body when raised. The support comprises tubular members and plates which form outboard cradles for the one end of the hydraulic devices. The tubular elements project through the frame and are rigidly secured thereto so that their resistance to a torsional movement will prevent the frame from twisting as well as the body secured thereto.

The invention is further novel in that a rigid coupling is provided between the fluid conduit and the cylinder head of the hydraulic device,

which permits the hydraulic device to oscillate on its trunnion and at the same time effectively seal the passage for the fluid. An arcuate metal conductor is utilized which is connected into an element which is pivotally aligned with the trun- 5 nicn of the hydraulic device. A spring is employed, along with the fluid pressure, for urging the element .in one direction against a seat. With this construction, the flexible conduit heretofore required is entirely eliminated.

Further novelty is provided by the provision of means for preventing the tilting of the body when the chassis frame tilts due to the unlevel position of the wheels and also, in some instances, due to the uneven loading of the body. This I accomplish by mounting the body on a bolster which is rigidly connected to the front end of the chassis frame by a torque tube, the rear end of which rests upon the rear portion of the chassis frame in such manner that the bolster may tilt relative thereto. The longitudinally extending torque tube will resist twisting when the rear portion of the chassis frame twists independent of its front end and, as a result, the bolster, will remain substantially level.

Still further novelty of the invention embodies the use of hydraulic or other means for causing the bolster to positively resist the tilting action of the chassis frame when the chassis frame becomes twisted. Hydraulic cylinders may be employed having the rams universally connected to the bolster on each side of'the center line thereof and so interconnected through a valve that when the bolster becomes tilted due to the tilting of the chassis frame, fluid will be supplied to the cylinder on the low side so as to extend the ram and cause the bolster to assume substantially a horizontal position. This position may be controlled by leveling means, so that irrespective of the amount of tilt produced in the chassis frame, the bolster, and therefore the body, will be retained substantially horizontal. Such apparatus would also be available in the presence of uneven loading to cause the bolster to always assume a horizontal position in the presence of an unbalanced load.

Accordingly, the main objects of my invention are: to provide a support for spaced hydraulic devices on the frame of a tiltable body which strengthen the frame; to provide outboard bearings on a frame by utilizing bracing elements which extend therethrough; to interconnect the sides of a body frame with spaced tubular elements .which project beyond the frame to provide outboard suspensions for hydraulic devices;

to interconnect pairs of tubular extending braces of a frame with plates which provide pivotal supports for one end of hydraulic tilting devices, to conduct a fluid through one of the tubular braces into the head of a cylinder, which is pivotally mounted thereon by means of a solid arcuate conduit which is preferably made of spring material; to connect a conduit to a pivotal element having a seating portion which engages a seat in the head of a. hydraulic device; to seal the pivotal end of a conduit to a seat of a hydraulic device by the pressure of the fluid in combination with that of a spring; to provide a support for a body which is independent of the chassis frame; to provide an independent support for a body which is connected to the chassis frame through a torque tube to permit the tilting of the support independent of the chassis frame; to provide means for positively retaining a separate support for the body in a horizontal position independent of the angular position which the chassis frame may assume; to provide means for retaining a body level independent of the angular positions the chassis a frame may assume; and, in general, to provide a support for a hydraulic device of a tiltable body, which prevents the body from twisting when being tilted, and which is simple in construction and economical to manufacture.

Other objects and features of novelty of my invention will be either specifically pointed out, or will become apparent when referring, for a better understanding of my invention, to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is a broken view of an automotive vehicle having a tiltabl body thereon, which embodies the features of my invention;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the structure stated in Figure 1, taken on the line 2-2 thereof;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged broken view of the structure illustrated in Figure 2, as viewed from a position indicated by the line 3-3 thereof;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the structure illustrated in Figure 3, taken on the line 44 thereof;

Fig. 5 is an enlarged view, partly in section, of the structure illustrated in Figure 3, taken on the line H thereof;

Fig. 6 is a broken plan view of structure, simi-- lar to that of Figure 2, showing a further form which my invention may assume;

Fig. 7 is a reduced end view of the structure illustrated in Figure 6, with parts in level position;

Fig, 8 is a view of structure, similar to that illustrated in Figure '7, with the chassis frame in tilted position;

Fig. 9 is a view of structure, similar to that illustrained in Figure 6, showing a still further form which my invention may assume;

Fig. 10 is an enlarged broken view of the structure illustrated in Figure 6, with parts in section, as viewed from line ill-I0 of Figure 6;

Fig. 11 is an enlarged broken sectional view of the structure illustrated in Figure 10, taken on the line llll thereof;

Fig. 12 is an enlarged end view of structure, similar to that illustrated in Figure 7, showing a still further form which my invention may assume; and

Fig. 13 is a sectional view of the valve illustrated in Figure 12.

In Fig. 1, I have illustrateda chassis frame ID of an automotive vehicle having mounted thereon a tiltable body II, which is supported on a body frame l2. The body H is herein illustrated as being a garbage type of enclosed body, commonly employed for hauling refuse. The body is of heavy construction and large capacity, requiring material effort to effect its tilting to dump the contents thereof.

The frame I2 is formed of longitudinally extending channel members l3, which are interconnected at their rear ends by a tubular element I4. The ends l5 of the tubular element ll form trunnions engaged by the bearings provided on outwardly and upwardly extending brackets I8 secured to the rear end of the chassis frame l0. This connection between the ends I! and the brackets It provides the pivot, about which the body II is tilted when the opposite end of the frame i2 is raised. The front end of the frame I2 is provided with a pair of tubular elements I! which is similar to the tubular element ll with the exception that they are somewhat of greater length, projecting a greater distance beyond the outer face of the channel members IS.

A pair of plates [8 is supported on the ends of the tubular elements H in spaced relation to each other, a distance slightly greater than the maximum diameter of the hydraulic devices is, which are disposed therebetween. The hydraulic devices l9 embody a plurality of telescoping cylinders 2|, 22, 23 and 24, as illustrated in Figure 5, each one of which is projectable relative to the other to provide a maximum extension to the hydraulic devices. The innermost cylinder 24 is provided with an extension 25, having an aperture 26 therein, through which a pin 21 extends. The pin also extends through a pair of bosses 20, provided on either side of the extension and through the plates l8 to provide a pivotal connection between the cylinder 24 and the frame l2. By supporting the ends of the hydraulic devices IS on the tubular elements H, the twisting of the frame l2 when being raised is substantially eliminated through the torsional resistance of the tubular elements I1. The tubular elements resist the twist which must occur to permit the channel elements iii to twist relative to each other.

A similar pair of tubular elements II are supported by brackets 30 to the side members of the chassis frame i0, being extended in a similar manner beyond their outer surfaces to provide outboard supports. A pair of plates 22 is supported on the projecting ends of the tubular elements 2|, having trunnions 33 upon which the hydraulic device I9 is pivotally supported. Suitable cross bracing elements 24 may be employed to interconnect the plates 32 to prevent them from spreadng when a load is applied by the hydraulic device. In Figure 5, I have illustrated the spacing element 34 as embodying a tube 38, through which a bolt 35 extends. The plates 32 are drawn into position as spaced by the tubular element 36 when the bolt 35 is tightened.

By mounting the hydraulic devices on outboard bearings at the sides of the body and chassis frame, not only is more stability obtained, but more room is provided within the body than when the devices are otherwise mounted. The rear portion of the frame I2 is offset slightly from the front portion to provide clearance for the wheel housings, and this offset portion provides the spaces in whichthe hydraulic devices are mounted without reducing the area of useful load.

Referring more particularly to Figures 3 and 4, the frontmost tubular element 3| is employed to conduct the fluid delivered thereto by a pipe ll.

Arcuate conductors 4| are secured to the outboard extending portions of the tubular elements 8|. The conductors 4| are preferably made of spring steel to embody a certain amount of resiliency. The opposite end of the conductor 4| is threaded into a valve 42 pivotally disposed in a head 43 of the hydraulic device l9, as illustrated more particularly in Figure 5. The valve 42 has a seat 44 which engages a seat 45 provided in the head when the boss 42 is urged to the right, as viewed in the figure. A spring 46, abutting against a plug 41, urges the boss 42 to the right and therefore upon its seat 45. The fluid pressure in the system assists the spring in forcing the seat 44 onto the seat 45, and thereby provides a greater sealing effect as the fluid pressure increases. During operation the valve 42 remains stationary while the hydraulic device I 9 oscillates on its trunnion 33, and thereby eliminates a flexible tubular connection which heretofore was necessary. In case the valve 42 is seized and prevented from turning, the resilient conductor 4| may spring sufliciently toipermit the hydraulic device H to oscillate without damaging the conductor.

In Figure 6, I have illustrated a chassis frame 58 having a bolster supported at the rear end of a torque tube 52. The torque tube is rigidly welded to the central portion of the bolster 5| and projects through a sleeve 53 which is attached to the rear cross brace 54 of the chassis frame. The front end of the tube is rigidly secured to the frontmost laterally disposed tube 3| by a bracket 55. Suitable bracing arms 56 encompass the torque tube 52 and are secured to the bolster 5| near the ends thereof. This provides a stability to the bolster relative to the torque tube. The bolster, however, will be free to tilt relative to the chassis frame, effected by the resistance to torsional twist inherent in the tube. The ends of the bolster 5| are provided with brackets 51 which pivotally engage the end of the tube l4 provided on the frame l3 which supports the body. The body may be raised about the pivots formed between the tube l4 and the bracket 51 while a resistance to tilting is oflered to the body and the bolster by the torque tube when the chassis frame is tilted, as illustrated in Figure 8. This resistance to tilt is aided materially by having the torque. tube supported at its front end near the front end of the chassis frame since the weaving of the chassis frame occurs substantially from a central point so that the support on the frontmost tube 3| will not be affected by the tilting which occurs to the rear end of the chassis frame. Since the front portion of the tube is not tilted, the inherent resistance of the tube to twist will prevent the bolster 5| from tilting materially when the chassis frame is tilted. The normal position of the chassis frame and bolster is illustrated in Figure 7, while the tilted relation thereof will be noted in Figure 8, as pointed out hereinabove.

A further novelty is provided to the inventive concept as described and illustrated in Figures 6, 7 and 8 by the addition of the hydraulic connection to the hoists I8, as illustrated in Figure 9. A power take-off device 80 drives a pair of independent pumps 5| and 62 which supply a uniform volume of fluid to the hydraulic devices IS. The fluid may be pumped from and returned to a reservoir 53 and by accurately providing the same volume of oil to both of the cylinders, irrespective of the amount of weight which may be distributed unevenly to one side or the other of the body, the raising of the body will always occur with the body in lateral horizontal position. That is to say, the body will be prevented from tilting due to uneven loading by the uniform supply of fluid to both of the cylinders. While one cylinder may have a greater load applied thereto than the other, the extension of the rams of the cylinders will be uniform and tilting will thereby be prevented.

In Figures and 11, I have illustrated the sleeve'53 as embodying an annular portion 84 having a stud 85 extending therefrom providing structure in the nature of an eye bolt. The stud is supported on the flange 66 of the cross member 54 of the chassis frame with the sleeve 55 resting on a dish-shaped bracket 61 which is bolted or otherwise secured to the upper surface of the flange 66. A resilient element 68, herein illustrated as being made of rubber, is provided on the end of the stud 65 secured by a nut 69. In this construction, the torque tube 52 is free to turn within the sleeve 53 on a bearing 18 provided thereon and is able to turn slightly in any direction due to the fact that the sleeve 53 is resting in the cup-shaped washer 61 and in view of the fact that the support for the stud is resilient through the employment of the element 68. The sleeve is therefore mounted universally for a small movement to permit the complete flexing of the chassis frame independent of the torque tube 52 and the bolster 5|.

Referring to Figures 12 and 13, I have illustrated a still further form which my invention may assume. In the construction therein illustrated, a valve H has its casing 12 mounted on the bolster 5| while the valve 13 is free to turn therein. The valve has a shaft I4 extending therefrom on which a pendulum is supported. A pair of hydraulically actuated cylinders 16 are pivotally supported by brackets ll to the chassis frame 50. Pistons 18, extending from the cylindem l6, are pivotally secured by brackets 19 to the bolster 5| Conduits 88 and 8| connect one of the cylinders 16 to one side of the valve 1|, while conduits 82 and 83 connect the other cylinder I5 to the valve H. An intake conduit 84 supplies fluid to the valve, while a return conduit 85 conducts the fluid from the valve to a reservoir.

The valve 13 is provided with a plurality of veins 86, 81, 88 and 89. Passageways 9| and 92 connect the supply conduit 84 with the under side of the veins 89 and 88, respectively. Between the veins 81 and 88 and 86 and 89, return orifices 93 and 94 are provided, communicating through an orifice 85 with the return conduit 85.

When the bolster and chassis frame are in horizontal position, the valve is in the position illustrated in Figure 13. In this position fluid flows through the conduit 84 through the orifices 9| and 92 into the conduits 82 and 80, respectively, and into the lower end of the cylinders 76. The fluid provided above the piston will be exhausted through the conduits 83 and 8| into the orifices 94 and 93 and out through the exhaust conduit 85. When the bolster is tilted, due to the uneven loading of the body or due to the tilting of the chassis frame, the housing 12 of the valve will be turned counter-clockwise, as viewed in Figure 13, causing the vein 8'! to pass the mouth of the conduit 8| and the vein 88 to pass the mouth of the conduit 80. In this arrangement, fluid under pressure will be delivered to the under side of the piston of the cylinder, illustrated on the left as viewed in Figure 12, to cause an upward pressure to be provided between the bolsterandthechassisframe. At thesame time, fluid will he delivfled into the conduit ll andwillbeexhaustedfrom theconduit ll below thepistominthecylinder'ltontherighthand sideofthe bolsterasviewedinFlgure 12. In this arrangement. the bolster has an upward force provided thereto by the left hand cylinder while a downward force is provided thereto by the right hand cylinder to cause the bolster to rotate about the torque tube 52. When a vertical position is approached, the relation between the valve II and its casing 12 will be that illustrated in Figure 13, and further compensating action will terminate. when the body tends to tilt toward the right, asviewed in Figure 12, the opposite action of the cylinders will occur; that is to say, the right hand cylinder will tend to raise the bolster while the left hand cylinder will tend to lower the bolster, so that the body will tilt back in a counter-clockwise direction toward normal position.

It is to be understood that either structure can be employed to compensate for the tilting of the body, and that means other than hydraulic can be utilized for this purpose. Valves or other means may be employed between 'the chassis frame and body to control the leveling mechanism and prevent the tilting of the body when separation occurs between the chassis frame and body as the chassis frame tilts. It is to be understood that the simple hydraulic means embodying a pair of cylinders and a pendulum actuated valve is employed for the purpose of illustration,

and that I do not desire to be limited only to such structure.

While I have described and illustrated several embodiments of my invention, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, omissions, additions and substitutions may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention asset forth in the accompanying claims.

What is claimed is:

1. An automotive vehicle having a tiltable body thereon, a chassis frame, a frame for said body,

a pivotal connection between said frames, 9. plurality of tubular elements transversely disposed through said bodyirame and l leaned thereto. said tubular elements projecting beyond thesidesofsaidiramhangersseuzredonthe projected ends of said tubular elunmts. m on said hangers, and means for tilting lid body having one end secured to mid pivots.

2. Anautomotivevehiclehavinlatiitshiebody thereon, a chassis frame, a frame for said body, a pivotal connection between said frames, a pction of the pivotal connection embody a tubular element projecting through said body trams and rigidly secured thereto, a plurality of additional tubular elements projecting through the sides of said frames spaced from said first mbuhr element and from each other, hangers intacmnecting the ends of said plurality of tubular elements, pivots on said hangers. and means for tilting said body having each end secured to pivot.

3. An automotive vehicle having a tiltahle body thereon, a chassis frame, a frame for said body, a pivotal connection between said frames, a pinrality of tubular elements projecting thromh the sides of both of said frames and spaced irmn said pivotal connection, hangers supported on the projecting ends of said elements, pivots on said hangers, and hydraulic devices secured to said pivots.

4. An automotive vehicle having a tiltahle body thereon, a chassis frame, a frame for said body, a pivotal connection between said frames, said body frame at the rear endbeing vertieallyoflmt from the front portion to provide clearance for the vehicle axle and rear wheels, and means for tilting said body between said frames in substantial alignment with the wheels adjacent said oifset portion.

5. An automotive vehicle havinga tiltahle body thereon, a chassis frame, a frame for said body, a pivotal connection between said frames, tubular elements extending through said frama and rigidly secured thereto, wheel provkbd insaidbody,andhydraulictiltingdevieusupportcdontheendsofsaidtubulardesnenh within said sowann n. naanrrr. 

